Fiber Optical Networking

Passive Optical Network (PON) fiber splitter plays a crucial role in Fiber for the network by letting a single PON network interface to become shared among many subscribers. A PON network could be made with an individual optical splitter, or it can have two or more splitters cascaded together. These are network elements that put the passive in Passive Optical Network are available in many different split ratios, including 1:8, 1:16, and 1:32. These communication networks have enhanced capabilities that can be relied upon to deal with high-bandwidth multimedia applications as well as prepare the network for increase in the long run.

Optical splitter Specifications
Optical splitters contain no electronics and make use of no power. An optical splitter is used to divide one particular optical fiber into separate strands, for the purpose of routing optical signals to multiple near end or remote locations. The Optical Splitter supports over 7,000 IP voice, data and video network connections to one Ethernet device. Optical Splitters are available in three different versions; as being a cable, being a tabletop enclosure, so that as a rack-mountable unit, all of which have superior design and are built from high quality components. The splitter can be deployed inside the Central Office (CO) alongside the OLT, or it could be deployed within an OutSide Plant (OSP) cabinet closer to the subscribers. A splitter may also be deployed in the basement of a building for a Multiple Dwelling Unit (MDU) installation.

Types

Optical Splitters can be bought in configurations from 1×2 to 1×64. There are 2 basic technologies for building passive optical network splitters: FBT Splitter/Coupler (Fused Biconical Taper) and  PLC Splitter (Planar Lightwave Circuit). FBT Coupler could be the older technology and usually introduces more loss than the newer PLC splitter, though both PLC splitter and FBT splitters are widely-used in PON networks. FBT attenuation tends to be a little higher than attenuation from plc splitter.

FBT Splitter makes two (a couple of) fibers removed the coating layer gather within a certain way, stretched to each party within the heating zone at the same time, form a double cone?¡¥s special waveguide structure finally to get an alternative splitting ratio via controlling length of the fiber torsion angle and stretch. A FBT splitter is manufactured by wrapping two fiber cores together, putting tension on the optical fibers, after which heating the junction before the two fibers are tapered through the tension and fused together.

PLC Splitter is often a micro-optical element using photolithographic strategies to form optical waveguide at medium or semiconductor substrate for realizing branch distribution function. PLC Splitters are positioned in each optical network involving the PON Optical Line Terminal (OLT) along with the Optical Network Terminals (ONTs) that the OLT serves.

Optical splitters are traditionally used in Networks implementing BPON, GPON, EPON, 10G EPON, and 10G GPON technologies currently.

PLC Splitter (Planar waveguide Circuit) are developed using silica glass waveguide circuits and aligned fiber pigtails, divide a single/dual optical input(s) into multiple optical outputs uniformly. PLC splitter is designed for FTTx Passive Optical Networks, CWDM, DWDM and optical cable TV System, which is widely used in FTTX developments, PON networks, CATV links and optical signal distribution currently.

Splitters contain no electronics and use no power. They are the network elements that put the passive in Passive Optical Network and are available in a variety of split ratios, including 1:8, 1:16, and 1:32. The PLC splitters provide low-cost solution for optical signal distribution in PON network, with small form factor and superb reliability, meets various application requirements in different environments. The high quality performance including low insertion loss, low PDL, high return loss and ideal uniformity more than a wide wavelength range between 1260 nm to 1620 nm, and operate in temperature from -40℃ to 85℃.

PLC splitter is a high quality passive device. It is especially for passive internet (EPON, BPON, and GPON). The different splitter package meet people’s different requirement. There are three common used PLC Splitters, including bare PLC splitter, Blockless PLC Splitter and Rack Mount PLC Splitter

Bare PLC splitter
Standard plc bare fiber splitter are with equal slitting ratio in 1XN and 2XN structure, 1X2,1×4, 1×8,1×16, 1×32 and 1×64 PLC Splitters, 2×4, 2×8, 2×16, 2×32 bare fiber PLC splitters.
Bare Fiber PLC Splitter Features:
Low insertion loss;
Low excess loss;
Low Polarization Dependent Loss;
High directivity;
Long haul reliability;
Customer defined specifications.

Bare Fiber PLC Splitter Applications:
Fiber to The Point (FTTX);
Fiber to The Home (FTTH);
Passive optical networks(PON);
Local Area Networks (LAN);
Cable Television (CATV);
Test Equipment.

Blockless PLC Splitter
Blockless PLC Splitter uses PLC & Package technology to split one wavelength into many ports, from 4 way to 32 way. It has no fan-out block so you can save space and achieve smaller splitter modules.

Rack Mount PLC Splitter
19″ standard Rack Mount PLC Splitter is a key component in FTTH and is responsible to distribute the signal from CO to numbers of premises. The highly stable splitter performs superbly across temperature and wavelength providing low insertion loss, low input polarization sensitivity, excellent uniformity, and low return loss in configuration of 1×4, 1×8, 1×16, 1×32 and 1×64 port.

Ingellen provides a wide variety of 1xN and 2xN plc splitters, which can be designed for exact functions. Our PLC splitter products are without a doubt warranted to help you prime quality and even most beneficial rate. You can easily customize PLC splitter to suit your exact conditions.

The fiber optical splitter, also known as beam splitter, is optical fiber tandem device with many input terminals and many output terminals, especially applicable to a passive optical network to connect the MDF and the terminal equipment, achieving the branching of the optical signal.

Fiber optic splitters enable a signal on an optical fiber to be distributed among two or more fibers. Since splitters contain no electronics nor require power, they are an integral component and widely used in most fiber optic networks. For example, a 1X4 LC type equal splitting ratio fiber optic splitter can split the fiber optic light signal into four equal 25% parts and sent to the 4 different channels, LC is the connector type on the splitters. Fiber optic splitter key parameters include the optical loss, splitting ratio, isolation, PDL, etc.

Fiber Optic Splitter Features:
Single Mode, multimode, and PM fiber types;
Multiple port configurations, custom length and cable diameters;
Various splitting ratios, 50:50 to 1:99;
Tube type or Box type, PLC fiber optic splitters or Fused fiber optic splitters;
PC, UPC, and APC fibre optic connectors;
Available with FC, SC, ST, LC and MU connectors.

Types
According to the optical splitter principle, it can be divided into FBT Splitter (Fused Biconic Tapered) and PLC Splitter (Planar Lightwave Circuit).

FBT Coupler, based on the traditional technology, making two (two or more) fibers removed the coating layer gather in a certain way, stretched to both sides under the heating zone at the same time. Form a double cone’s special waveguide structure, finally for getting a different splitting ratio, via controlling length of the fiber torsion angle and stretch. FBT splitters are widely accepted and used in passive networks, especially for instances where the split configuration is smaller (1×2, 1×4, etc). With the development of the technology, FBT splitters can be deployed in a cost- effective manner.

PLC Splitter is a micro-optical element using photolithographic techniques to form optical waveguide at medium or semiconductor substrate for realizing branch distribution function Technical Index.

With the latest technology, PLC splitters offer a better solution for applications when larger split configurations (1×16, 1×32, 1×64, etc) are required. To achieve this, waveguides are fabricated using lithography onto a silica glass substrate, which allows for routing specific percentages of light. As a result, PLC splitters offer very accurate and even splits with minimal loss in an efficient package.

FBT Splitter Compared With PLC Splitter
FBT Coupler are mature technology types, it is low cost and easy to make, but fused fiber optic splitters optical loss are sensitive to wavelength and this is a big disadvantage. PLC fiber optic splitters are small size and wide working wavelength, which are more reliable and suitable to use in passive optical network fiber optic splitting.

As the rapid growth of FTTx worldwide, the requirement of larger split configurations for these networks is increasing. Since the performance benefits and overall low cost of plc splitter, which serves mass subscribers, becomes the ideal solution for these types of applications currently.

The fiber optical splitter, also called beam splitter, is one of the most important passive devices in the optical fiber link. It is a fiber optical tandem device with many input terminals and output terminals, especially applied to a passive optical network to connect the MDF and the terminal equipment, to achieve the branching of the optical signal. There are two kinds of fiber splitters that are popularly used: One is FBT coupler (Fused Biconical Taper) and the other is PLC splitter (Planar Lightwave Circuit) . Today I would like to introduce you the PLC splitter.

PLC Splitter, based on silica optical waveguide technology and precision aligning process, dividing a single/dual optical input(s) into multiple optical outputs uniformly, which is denoted 1×N or 2×N. Nowadays, PLC splitter is widely applied in FTTX developments, PON networks, CATV links and optical signal distribution, meets these various application requirements in different environments. PLC Splitter offers superior optical performance, high stability and high reliability, excellent uniformity over a wide wavelength range from 1260nm to 1620nm and working in temperature from -40C to +85C. The PLCS devices have standard configurations of 1×4, 1×8, 1×16 and 1×32 configurations, as well as customized structures of 2×8, 2×16, 2×32 and 2×64.

Structure
PLC splitters contain of three main parts: an input fiber array, a planar light-wave chip, and an output fiber array. All three PLC splitter components have to be very precisely aligned so that we could guarantee the best possible transmission characteristics: low insertion loss per channel (minimally exceeding the theoretical values), low back reflection loss, consistency and very high uniformity of transmission parameters per channel within complete spectrum of transferred optical signal wavelengths and for all states of polarization.

Advantage and Disadvantage:
PLC Splitter advantage: Loss is not sensitive to the wavelength of the transmitted , to meet the transmission requirements of different wavelength, spectral uniformity, the average signal assigned to the user, compact structure, small volume, low cost of more points, the more obvious cost advantage.

PLC Splitter disadvantages: the device fabrication process complexity, high technical threshold.

The PLC Splitters are key components used in FTTx networks. Ingellen supplies the PLC splitters including 1XN to 64 and 2XN to 64 types, they are with a wide range of working wavelength for different applications. The PLC splitter can be with optional various kinds of connectors and cable length, they feature compact size and very good optical performance. All products meet GR-1209-CORE-2001 and GR-1221-CORE-1999 requirements. More, Ingellen can customize optical splitter to suit your exact conditions.