Month: April 2013

FTTH, or Fiber To The Home, is the delivery of a communications signal over optical fiber from the operator’s switching equipment all the way to a home or business, replacing existing copper infrastructure such as telephone wire and coaxial cable. FTTH Fiber Cable is a relatively new and fast growing method of providing vastly high-speed broadband services integrating voice, data and video to consumers and businesses.

Fiber Optic Cable is proved to deliver bundled or individual data, voice and video services to the home more efficiently-and securely-versus traditional copper transport mediums. We are all aware of slow dial-up frustrations, DSL outages, and coax cable issues (Broadband-Cable TV). Once fiber optics deployed- as an end to end solution- all these inherent problems associated with copper /coax based transport factilities virtually disappear.

Features & Benefits:

1. Special low-bend-sensitivity fiber provides high bandwidth and excellent communication transmission property;

2. Two parallel FRP strength members ensure good performance of crush resistance to protect the fiber;

3. Simple structure, light weight and high practicability;

4. More bandwidth, reliability and low cost;

4. Novel flute design, easily strip and splice, simplify the installation and maintenance;

5. Low smoke, zero halogen and flame retardant sheath.

Applications :

1. FTTH system

2. Indoor riser level and plenum level cable distribution

3. Interconnect between instruments, communication equipments.

The key advantage with FTTH connectivity is that it provides faster connectivity at high speeds and great amount of communication signals than the conventional copper cables. It is estimated that while only six phone calls can be transmitted via a copper cable, more than 2.5 million calls can be sent through FTTH. Experts are also hoping that this network can easily support the futuristic technologies like high definition television and gaming transmissions.

FTTH can be installed as a point-to-point architecture, or as a passive optical network (PON). Installing it is cost-prohibitive, and the monthly charge for broadband services thereafter can also be off-putting, though these figures vary widely. Expense is likely to drop with time as fiber becomes more common.

Types Of FTTH Fiber Cables

FTTH Drop Cables
FTTH drop cables are good to use for fiber to the home last mile solution, we provide FTTH drop cable with different counts from 1, 2, 4, to 12. This cable adopts the popular design in the industry, its structure and performance is optimized for FTTH applications.

FTTH Indoor Cables
FTTH indoor cables are used inside buildings or houses; it connects to the FTTH user end equipment. Along with the fast development of the fiber optic networks and broadband LANs, FTTH indoor cables are more and more used to meet the requirement for optical fiber to be deployed to the homes and houses.

Indoor use FTTH cables have the same function of the common indoor fiber cables, but it does have some special features. FTTH indoor cables are small diameter, water-resistant, soft and bendable, easy to deploy and maintenance. Special indoor FTTH cables will also meet the requirement of thunder-proof, anti-rodent or waterproof.

Fiberstore has long history providing the FTTH cables. Our FTTH cables are all LSZH types and flame retardant, they meet the RoHS standards and with super optical performance. We provide a series of FTTH solution products like FTTH Indoor Cable, FTTH drop cable, armored FTTH duct cable, etc. Welcome to contact us for your requirements of FTTH products.

Protocol converter, referred to as protocol translator, is a mechanism that switches the protocol of one machine to match the protocol of another, with each protocol based on many factors. Protocols are software installed on the routers, which convert the data formats, data rate and protocols of one network into the protocols of the network in which data is navigating. Protocol Converters are widely used in telecommunications and networking, it allows the protocol of one machine interact with the protocol of another, increasing the amount of machines the network can use.

How does Protocol Converter Work
Most protocol converter units are programmed to understand a handful of different protocols, and these units use an internal database to track all the protocols. These protocols are determined by several factors, including data rate, encryption methods, file and message formats and associated service, because some services exclusively use one protocol. This database will store all the factors associated with the known protocols, and the database also is tasked with helping this device understand what needs to be changed to alter one protocol to another. Unlike regular databases, which can be manually updated, this database typically is locked from users. The major protocol translation messages involve conversion of data messages, events, commands and time synchronization.

Generally the basic architecture of the protocol converter involves the internal master communicating protocol to the external devices. The data or information gathered is then used to keep the updated record of the converter’s internal database. As soon as the external master asks for the data, the slave that is present inside the device collects it from the database and then accordingly sends the data to the external master of the device. There are different schemes for handling the spontaneous reporting of the various commands and events. Even the medium of communication can be different on the protocols X and Y including the RS485, RS232 and the Ethernet.

Why Protocol Converter Is Helpful
A protocol converter usually is helpful, but there may be some penalties for using this device. The main function or role of protocol converters is to exchange the data with numerous SCADA System parts with the help of different message timings and formats. However, the best part about these converters is that they retain the most essential and basic data or content when it passes from one communication channels to other.

The most attractive benefit of the protocol converter is that the users can carry out the networking and serial communication without even bothering about the programming performed at the hardware level. Without the need of any additional programming for the end user, the protocol converter manages well to transmit the transparent data along the channel which connects a combination of two communication ports. Another key feature of the protocol converter is that of being a programmable driver. The protocol converters have the capacity to support the Modbus ASCII, Modbus RTU, Modbus TCP and the RFC-2217, E1, Ethernet, V.35, RS-232 and beyound. There are protocol converters that even allow great solution developers the ability to add the proprietary applications and protocols.

Typical types of protocol converters include E1 to Ethernet, V35 to Ethernet and E1 to V35. They have different speeds and data rates, and some are innately slower than others. They are used in different fiber optic network fields like Power Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Oil & Gas, Automaton, Utilities, AMR, and Remote Monitoring applications.

A fiber optical attenuator is a fiber-coupled device used to reduce or balance the power (the power level of an optical signal, either in free space or in an optical fiber) of the light transmitted from one device to another device. Fiber optic attenuators are designed to use with various kinds of fiber optic connectors. The basical types of optical attenuators are fixed, step-wise variable, and variable fiber optic attenuator. Insertion loss and return loss, or back reflection, are collectively referred to as attenuation; total attenuation is called system loss.

Fiber Optic Attenuators provide technicians with a means of adjusting an optical signal level. Attenuators are commonly used in fiber optic communications, either to test power level margins by temporarily adding a calibrated amount of signal loss, or installed permanently to properly match transmitter and receiver levels.

Commonly used fiber optic attenuators are the female to male type, which is also called a plug fiber attenuator. Plug fiber attenuators utilize male/female ceramic ferrule connectors. Fixed value attenuators function at one loss level, while variable attenuators like the variable optical attenuated jumper (VOA) can adjust loss in a range, as by a turning screw. Patch cord attenuators are fibers that combine the functions of the patch cord and attenuator, reducing costs.

Types of fiber optic attenuators:
1. Female to male plug style optical attenuator (MU, SC, FC, ST, LC) PC& APC polish available;
2. Flange style fiber optical attenuator;
3. Adjustable fiber optical attenuator (FC style) Attenuation scale:0~30dB;
4. IN-Line style fiber optical attenuator.

Wide range variable & inline fiber optic attenuator
The inline fiber optic attenuators are with more accurate attenuation compared with traditional connector type fiber optic attenuators. What is more, the fiber optic attenuator is with a precision screw set, by turing it, the attenuation range can be varied. And this fiber optical attenuator can be with various terminations on the each side of the cable.

Variable Fiber Optic Attenuators
Fixed value fiber optic attenuators can reduce the power of fiber light at a fixed value loss, for example, a 10dB SC fiber optic attenuator will reduce the optical power 10dB and utilize a SC male to female attenuator. Variable fiber optic attenuators (or adjustable fiber optic attenuator) are with adjustable attenuation range. It usually is inline type, the appearance like fiber optic patch cord; it is with an adjustable component in the middle of the device to change the attenuation level to a certain figure. There are also handheld variable fiber optic attenuators; they are used as test equipment, and we have the inline fiber optic attenuators.

Fiber optic attenuator name is based on the connector type (like lc attenuator) and the attenuation level. For example, LC 5dB fiber optic attenuator means this attenuator use LC fiber optic connector and it can reduce the optical fiber power level by 5dB. Commonly used attenuation range is from 1dB to 20Db. Fiber Optic Attenuators are employed in telecommunications networks, local area networks (LAN), and cable television (CATV) systems. They also can be used in fiber optic sensors, testing instruments, and fiber to the home. Compact, environmentally sound, and suffering low return losses, these devices can be embedded into optical fiber networks fitted to the wide variety of industry standard connectors and fibers.

A fusion splicer is a device that uses source of heat to melt two optical fibers together at their end faces, to form a single long fiber. The resulting joint, or fusion splice, permanently joins the two optical fibers end to end, so that optical light signals can pass from one fiber into the other with very little loss. The source of heat is usually an electric arc, but can also be a laser, or a gas flame, or a tungsten filament through which current is passed.

Features of Fusion Splicers:
Carefully engineered fiber clamps allow the precise fixing of the fiber ends. At least one clamp is precisely adjustable with micrometer screws;
For splicing polarization-maintaining fibers, it is also necessary to rotate one of the fibers around its axis;
A microscope allows inspection of quality and alignment of the fiber ends. Often, there is a knob for switching between two orthogonal directions of view. The fiber cores can also usually be seen;
A “prefuse”, applied without touching the fibers, allows one to clean the surfaces;
Some splicers do the alignment automatically based on a camera image and/or on monitoring the optical power throughput. For the latter, there must be a light source attached to one fiber end, and a photodetector for the other one;
Some devices can also measure the quality of the resulting splice.

The process of Fusion Splicing involves using localized heat to melt or fuse the ends of two optical fibers together. The Splicing process begins by preparing each Fiber end for fusion. Fusion splicing requires that all protective coatings be removed from the ends of each fiber. The fiber is then cleaved using the score-and-break method. The quality of each fiber end is inspected using a microscope. In fusion splicing, Splice Loss is a direct function of the angles and quality of the two fiber-end faces.

Before optical fibers can be successfully fusion-spliced, they need to be carefully stripped of their outer jackets and polymer coating, thoroughly cleaned, and then precisely cleaved to form smooth, perpendicular end faces. Once all of this has been completed, each fiber is placed into a holder in the splicer’s enclosure.

Cleaning the splicing device and the fiber
Since the slightest trace of dust or other impurities can wreak havoc on a splice’s ability to transmit optical signals, you can never be too clean when it comes to fusion splicing. Even though fibers are hand-cleaned before being inserted into the splicing device, many fusion splicers incorporate an extra precautionary cleaning step into the process: prior to fusing, they generate a small spark between the fiber ends to burn off any remaining dust or moisture.

The fiber is then cleaved using the score-and-break method so that its endface is perfectly flat and perpendicular to the axis of the fiber. The quality of each fiber end is inspected using a microscope. In fusion splicing, splice loss is a direct function of the angles and quality of the two fiber-end faces. The closer to 90 degrees the cleave angle is the lower optical loss the splice will yield.

Splicing Optic Fiber
The splicer emits a second, larger spark that melts the optical fiber end faces without causing the fibers’ cladding and molten glass core to run together. The melted fiber tips are then joined together, forming the final fusion splice. Estimated splice-loss tests are then performed, with most fiber fusion splices showing a typical optical loss of 0.1 dB or less.

Fiberstore is the recognized leader in the development of the highest quality fusion splicing equipment and accessories that have and continue to advance fusion splicing technology. You have a wide selection of fiber optic splicing relevant equipments, like fusion splicer, fiber optic cleaver, fiber cleaver blades, fusion splicer assemblies, etc.