Month: March 2013

A protocol converter is  device used in telecommunications and networking to switch the protocol of one machine to match another protocol, as each protocol based on many factors. Protocol converter allows the different machines to work together — as long as the converter supports the protocols of each machine. The major protocol translation messages involve transformation of data, commands, representation, encoding and framing to achieve the conversion. Most converters have a database with several protocols, and this database is used to convert the initial protocol to another format.

The Protocol Converter connects directly to equipment and converts SNMP, BACnet, and Modbus protocols to one or more of these same protocols for integration into a building management system (BMS) or network management system (NMS). The protocol converter is ideal for situations where data from monitored equipment is incompatible with the protocols used by the BMS or NMS, such as in cases where legacy monitoring systems are present.

Applications of Protocol Converters
Protocol Converter applications vary from industry to industry. The protocol converter can be a software converter, hardware converter, or an integrated converter depending on the protocols.

Some of the key applications are:
Substation Automation;
Building Automation;
Process Automation.

Typical Types
Protocol converter provide local, remote loop-back functions, commanded remote device loop-back in addition to pseudo-random code testing functionality; loop-back functionality can be employed without influence on normal network data verbal exchanges and may definitely not end in this meltdown of network. Typical Protocol converters types include E1/V.35/V.24/RS485/RS232/RS422 protocol converter.

E1 to Ethernet Protocol Converter
E1 to Ethernet 10/100Base-T Protocol Converter adopts the ASIC chip which features simple circuits and compact structure and enhances the reliability of the integrated equipment. It provides data transmission channels at a maximum bandwidth of 2.048M for the Ethernet over coaxial cables and connects two LANs through coaxial cables. E1 port can certainly support 120 ohm/75 ohm amount of resistance in unison.

V.35 to Ethernet Converter
E1 to V.35 protocol converter provides physical conversion between ITU G.703 standard E1 interface and V.35 Interface. Equipments with V.35 interface but without G.703 interface such router and multiplexer is able to transmit data via E1 multiplexer or E1 channel with E1-V.35 protocol converter.

V.35 user port can certainly support N*64K (N=1~32) adaptive rate, which enables it to service central, additional and slave clock modes, so that you can possibly be taken to help a variety of apps; and it also can figure under DTE and DCE modes. E1 to V.35 protocol converter realizes the bi-directional data transfer from E1 port to V. 35 network. This equipment is used in communication network including WAN and LAN, realizing the transfer from E1 channel of SDH or PDH equipment to V. 35, which maybe provided by routers.

E1 to RS232 RS422 RS485 Converter
RS232 port can certainly service this a adaptive rate lower than 115.2K. Ethernet protocol convertor can certainly diagnose this giving in addition to having facts notice connected with E1 port on auto-pilot, in addition to switch off Ethernet function on auto-pilot.

Protocol converter are normally used with Switches, PCIe network cards and fiber media converters, CWDM and DWDM equipment, PDH multiplexers etc. Ingellen provides protocol converters for E1 to Ethernet Converter, V.35 to Ethernet Converter, E1 to V.35 or V.24 Converter and E1 to RS232 RS422 RS485 Converter, NxE1/ETH with E1/2E1/4E1/8E1/16E1 to ETH/2ETH/4ETH ports and tdm over ip converter, there are card types and standalone in 19 inch rack for choice.

Fiber Media Converter is an economic devices used in networking more often nowadays, it is definitely an optical converter designed for the fiber optic area. But why it is necessary in network field?

The reason why we need to use fiber media converter is, the Ethernet signals is transmitted by UTP cables, but UTP cables have some shortages, whose transmission distance is 100 meters only). As you know, 100 meters obviously can not meet the requirement in many actual network currently. On the contrary, fiber cables are able to transmit signal for a very long distance and fiber optic signals are more secured and light in weight. So we can use fiber media converter to transform betweem the two types signals and extend the network range. With the manufacturing technology being more and more mature, the cost to use fiber is decreasing. Above reasons are enough to show fiber media converter is necessary and economic. Sometimes the enterprises need to connect their copper based networks directly to the fiber backbone, the fiber media converter also plays a good role there.

Benefits Of Fiber Media Converters

Fiber media converters support many different data communication protocols including Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, T1/E1/J1, DS3/E3, as well as multiple cabling types such as coax, twisted pair, multi-mode and single-mode fiber optics. Fiber media converters also ocan connect different lan (LAN) media, modifying duplex and speed settings. When expanding the reach from the LAN to span multiple locations, media converters are useful in connecting multiple LANs to create one large campus area network that spans on the limited geographic area. As premises networks are primarily copper-based, fiber converter can extend the reach of the LAN over single-mode fiber up to 130 kilometers with 1550 nm optics.

The benefits of media conversion include providing a gradual migration path from copper to fiber. Fiber connections can reduce electromagnetic interference. Also, fiber media converters pose like a cheap solution for those who want to buy switches for use with fiber but don’t have the funds to pay for them, they are able to buy ordinary switches and use fiber media converters to make use of with their fiber optic network.

Ingellen offers an extensive choice of full-featured Ethernet to fiber optic media converter solutions, enable the extension of multimode to single mode or multimode to multimode fiber connections to distances up to 160km. Fiber optic converter products supplied by Ingellen include copper to fiber and fiber to fiber media conversion in the following supported converters: fast Ethernet media converter, Gigabit Media Converter, protocol converter, PDH Multiplexer, 10/100/1000Base Fiber Media Converter, fiber optic modems (like RS422, RS232, RS485, E1 Multiplexer and so on) and more. Choose Ingellen Technology for the right product to meet your fiber conversion project needs.

Fiber optic terminal box generally refer to the box shape fiber optic management products used to protect and distribute the optical fiber links in FTTH Networks. Usually the fiber optic boxes include the optical distribution frame and fiber optic terminal box. In general, fiber terminal box is for a few closed cores, and the open type is called ODF (optical distribution frame). Fiber termination boxes can be with 12 cores or 24 cores.

Fiber optic termination box is used to connect the two sections of fiber optic cable. The termination box is the access to the place of the ends of the cable, and then connect to the optical switches via the fiber patch cables. Therefore, the terminal box is usually installed on a 19-inch rack, and can accommodate a number of cable ends. Fiber terminal box is similar with cross connect cabinet, but the role is different. Cross connect cabinet is to connect tow fiber cables, while the terminal box is used to connect the fiber cable terminal with the pigtails with a protective effect. In practical work, roles of cross connect cabinet and fiber termination boxes are different, cross connect cabinets are divided into fiber cable cross connect cabinet and copper cross connect cabinet, which are used when front cable premising, while fiber termination boxes are used for protecting the cable terminal from external damages. Optical distribution frame can also be divided into fiber optic patch panels and copper patch panels, they are the same role with cross connect cabinet, but they are used indoor of carriers’data center.

Applications of fiber termination boxes is universal, they are widely used in telephone, agricultural telephone network system, data and image transmission system, CATV cable television series, indoor cable through force access and branch connection, played the role of the pigtail disk storage and protection of joint.

Actually there are too many fiber optic boxes and fiber management devices, they are hard to count the types, many fiber termination box manufacturers like Ingelen Technology will make the fiber optic boxes according to their own design and they may give the fiber optic boxes different names and model numbers.

Fiber Media Converter, often known as fiber transceivers or Ethernet media converter, are pretty straight forward networking devices that make it possible to connect two different media types like twisted pair like Cat 5 or Cat 6 cable having a fiber-optic cabling network. It can be primarily found in connecting existing copper-based, structured cabling systems, such as twisted pair and also the faster fiber-optic networks. The converters can be employed in the massive metropolitan area networks (MANs), along with large business networks, called enterprise networks.

Applications
Fiber optic media converters for a number of POF/HCS fiber technologies, glass MM and glass SM are for sale to interference-free connection and coverage of long distances. Based on the application as well as the required range, distances of 50 m, 300 m, 10 km or 40 km could be covered.

Media converters can also hook up to various optical fiber cables like multimode, single mode or single strand fiber cable. The fiber-optic media converter can extend around 80 miles by using a single-mode fiber, a lot greater distance than the older copper-based systems. Options exists for many distances to match the demands of a certain ethernet to fiber application. And, fiber interface connectors may be dual ST, dual SC, dual LC or single SC type.

Fiber media converters can connect different Local area network (LAN) media, modifying duplex and speed settings. When expanding the reach in the LAN to span multiple locations, fiber transceivers are useful in connecting multiple LANs in order to create one large campus area network that spans over the wide geographic area. In the case of larger LANs, fiber-optic media converters are of help in connecting separate networks that cover a big area. It can make separate LANs operate together large LAN. This may also modify speed and duplex settings. By way of example, a fiber-optic converter that has switching capability can connect a network segment that utilizes half duplex, something that enables two-way communication only one of many ways during a period, to a faster, full-duplex system. A full-duplex system allows for simultaneous two-way traffic. The half-duplex could be a legacy 10baseT system, and also the newer system may be 100baseT, as well as the converter enables these to communicate on the fiber connection.

Types
Media converter types vary from small standalone devices and PC card converters to high port-density chassis systems offering many advanced features for network management. As well as the 10/100/100M Gigabit Ethernet Media Converter is the hottest relating to the main fiber optic media converters.

The 10/100/100M Gigabit Media Converter series was designed to satisfy the massive needs for network deployment and able to extend a copper based Fast network via fiber cable to a maximum distance as much as 100KM.

10/100/1000M SFP Media Converter can convert Optical-Electric Ethernet signals between 10/100/1000M UTP interface (TX) and 1000M optical fiber interface (FX). The traditional 10/100/1000M gigabit Ethernet can be extended for the distance of 100km through optical fiber link. The performance and quality of these products are excellent because of adopting latest Gigabit IC from USA and Taiwan. 6 Group LED indicated lights could fully monitor the running conditions of converters. It isn’t difficult for users to watch and diagnose the failure of converters.

Most customers are not familiar with fiber optic cabling technology, which makes them to buy the right fiber optic cables for target applications very difficult. The following text describes the methods of identifying several common identifying methods for fiber optic cables, that will help you make right decision when buy optical fiber cable.

1.Cable jacket: Indoor fiber optic cables generally use poly ethylene recorded or flame retardant poly recorded ethylene appearance should be smooth and shiny, with a flexible, easy to peel. Poor low-quality fiber optic cable’s sheathes are poor finished, and easily adhere with sleeve and Kevlar

PE sheath of outdoor fiber optic cable should be high quality black polyethylene, after cabling the skin is smooth, shiny, uniform thickness, no bubbles. Poor-quality fiber optic cable’ sheath is generally produced using recycled materials, this cable’ skin is coarse, due to many impurities within the raw material, you will find a lot of very fine small pits, it will crack or become water seepage after a period’s laying.

2.Optical fibers: Some standard fiber optic cable manufacturer often use the A-level core from top vendors, while the low-cost low-quality fiber optic cables are commonly produced by C-Class, D- grade optical fiber and unsolicited smuggling optical fiber, these fibers are complex sources, with the long factory time, which is already damp and discoloration, often mixed with single-mode fiber and multimode fiber. Some small factories lack the necessary testing equipment, and can not make a judgment of the quality of the optical fiber.

3.Strengthen steel wire: Steel wires of the formal outdoor fiber optic cable manufacturer are phosphated, surface is gray, this makes it will not increase the hydrogen loss, no rust, high strength. Low-quality fiber optic cable is generally replaced with thin wire or aluminum wire Identification method is simple: white appearance, easily be bent, cables with this kinds of steel are high loss of hydrogen, a long time, the two ends for hanging fiber optic closures are more likely to be rust and cracked.

4.Steel armor: The formal manufacturing enterprises using double-sided brush vertical bandage pattern of anti-rust coating steel strip, low-quality fiber optic cable is ordinary iron, usually only one, anti-rust treatment.

5.Loose Tube: Loose tube fiber optic cables are installed with PBT materials, so the casing is strength, no deformation, anti-aging. Low-quality fiber optic cable is usually made with the PVC for
the casing, this casing diameter is thin and easily to be pinched to flat.

6.Fiber paste: Outdoor fiber optic cables fiber cream can prevent fiber oxidation, damp due to water vapor, the inferior fiber optical fiber use only a few fiber cream, seriously affect the life of the optical fiber.

7.Aramid: Also named Mingkaifula, is a high-strength chemical fiber, widely used by the military-industrial. Currently only produced in DuPont and the Netherlands, Akzotion, the price is extremely high. Indoor fiber optic cable and overhead power cables (ADSS) use Aramids as strength member, due to the high cost of Kevlar, the poor quality indoor cable outer diameter is very small.

Source: How to Choose Fiber Optic Cable