Month: July 2013

FTTX Filter WDM module is based on Thin Film Filter (TFF) technology. The Filter-Based WDM is extensively used in EDFA, Raman amplifiers, WDM networks and fiber optics instrumentation. The device combines or separates light at different wavelengths in a wide wavelength range. They offer very low insertion loss, low polarization dependence, high isolation and excellent environmental stability.

These passive optical WDM Filters systems are arranged to process specific wavelengths in and out of the transport stream. As these are optical devices they can be used for both multiplexing and demultiplexing or both. The process of filtering the wavelengths can be performed with prisms, but more common technologies used are thin film filters, dichroic filters or interference filters which are used to selectively reflect a single wavelength of light, but pass all others transparently. Each filter is tuned for a specific wavelength which is why it’s important to connect the correct wavelength to the corresponding I/O port.

Splitters versus Filters

One issue with WDM-PON(Passive Optical Network) is that there is no industry-accepted definition. WDM-PON is an architecture based on optical filters rather than Fiber Optic Filter. Following are two reasons:

One is insertion loss. Choosing filters implies arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs). No other filter technology is seriously considered for WDM-PON if filters are used.

With an AWG, the insertion loss is independent of the number of wavelengths supported. This differs from using a splitter-based architecture where every 1×2 device introduces a 3dB loss. Using a 1×64 splitter, the insertion loss is 14 or 15dB whereas for a 40-channel AWG the loss can be as low as 4dB. Thus using filters rather than splitters, the insertion loss is much lower for a comparable number of client ONUs.

There is also a cost benefit associated with a low insertion loss. To limit the cost of next-generation PON, the transceiver design must be constrained to a 25dB power budget associated with existing PON transceivers.

To live with transceivers with a 25dB power budget, the insertion loss of the passive distribution network must be minimised, explaining why filters are favoured.

The other main benefit of using filters is security. With a filter-based PON, wavelength point-to-point connections result. This is an issue with PON where traffic is shared.

Filter-Based WDM product family covers following wavelength windows commonly used in optical fiber systems: 1310/1550nm (for WDM or DWDM optical communications), 1480/1550nm (for high-power DWDM optical amplifier and EDFA), 1510/1550nm (for DWDM multi-channel optical networks) and 980/1550nm (for high performance DWDM optical amplifier and Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier) and 1310/1490/1550nm (for PON, FTTX and test instrument).

1310/1490/1550 FTTX FWDM is based on filter based platform for optical device. 1490/1310/1550nm FTTH FWDM can realize the multiplexing and de-multiplexing of two communication signal 1490/1310 and 1550nm. It can expand the capacity of a single fiber to achieve bidirectional communication, so that widely used in optical network upgrade and expansion, or introduce new comprehensive business.

Cabling is the backbone of the network and one of the most important components to ensure a network runs properly. A structured cabling system is designed to ensure that information flows smoothly over the cabling network. It includes a set of transmission products applied with engineering design rules that allow the user to apply voice, data and signals in a manner that maximizes data rates.

We cannot stress enough the importance of reliable cabling. The cabling system is the foundation of a successful intelligent building network and the basic investment on which all other network equipment depends. As you know, the life span of the typical cabling system is upward of 16 years. Cabling is likely the second most long-lived asset you have (the first being the shell of the building) and nearly 70 percent of all network-related problems are due to poor cabling techniques and cable-component problems.

Typical cabling problems are usually related with fiber optic patch cords, connectors, and termination techniques. The permanent portion of the cable (the part in the wall) will not likely be a problem unless it was damaged during installation. The costs that result from poorly planned and poorly implemented cabling systems can be staggering. We have spent countless hours troubleshooting cabling systems that were nonstandard, badly designed, poorly documented, and shoddily installed. We have seen many dollars wasted on the installation of additional cabling and cabling infrastructure support that should have been part of the original installation.

As the cost of poor cabling system is high, to avoid such a situation, you should embrace proper design and keep patch cords organized when install cabling system.

Embrace Proper Design

An effective design can significantly reduce downtime; minimize moves, adds and changes; and reduce life-cycle costs of the cabling system. Like any other data center infrastructure element, well-thought-out cabling design can alleviate troubleshooting efforts and help immensely when issues crop up. But most data center cabling problems result from poor design. For example, fiber and copper should be separated so fiber optical cables are not exposed and so they feed to their appropriate switch. If the switch is removed, the cable is also removed so there are no “stray” unused cables, and there is no need to re-dress cables inside the tray.

Another element of good cabling design, is the use of cable trays to manage cables and greatly decrease the time needed for troubleshooting because everything is clearly laid out and labeled. Trays should be located on or above the cabinet or rack for easy access and management. And, he adds, administrators should avoid routing trays under the raised floor because this causes interference with the air circulation and adds accessibility difficulties.

Keep Patch Cords Organized

Well, one of the best ways to save man-hours and frustration when troubleshooting cabling issues in the data center, is to keep patch cords organized so that administrators can find what is needed at a glance instead of digging through a thick curtain of tangled patch cords. This organizing task, though it might seem labor-intensive at first, can pay dividends whenever the inevitable cabling problems occur.

Always mind that cabling is the foundation of your fiber optic equipments. It must be reliable!

Turkey Telekom International has deployed Ekinops 100-Gbps coherent optical transport technology on its network between Germany and Ukraine, where it connects with Datagroup, a major Ukrainian operator, to create an ultra-fast low latency 100G route up to Russia, for a total distance of 3,600 kilometers.

Turkey Telekom International is a leading alternative telecommunication operator in Central Europe. Turkey, Caucasus, the Middle East and beyond, and Datagroup have both selected Ekinops as their supplier of 100G link across multiple and different networks.

Ekinops is a leading supplier of next generation optical transport equipment, the 100G coherent system provided by which is widely deployed as alien waves on the existing long-haul DWDM networks of the two providers. They span thousands of kilometers of fiber that make up Turkey Telekom International’s pan-European network and Datagroup’s trans-Ukrainian network.

Both Turkey Telekom Group and Datagroup are using the Ekinops 360 platform to transmit coherent 100G signals as alien wavelengths on their existing long-haul DWDM networks. The operators can configure the Ekinops 100G 1RU equipment either as 100G transponders or as muxpondders for aggregation of 10G service into 100G.

Existing 10G networks with Optical Fiber Multiplexer carrying 10G waves can now be easily upgraded to 100G. The Ekinops 100G solution uses only one 50GHz channel, which allows service providers to transport 10 times the capacity in every port.

Existing DWDM networks are transporting numerous 10G and 40G waves, and the 100G channel was added without affecting the existing traffic. This was also achieved without making changes to the existing network.

1. Fiber Coupler

FBT Coupler, also called fiber optic adapter, is used for connecting and coupling of optical fiber connectors. According to the connection header of optical fiber connector to select model. The joint structure can be divided into: FC, SC, ST, LC, MTRJ, MPO, MU, SMA, DDI, DIN4, D4, E2000 forms, with good sintering technology to ensure excellent strength and stability (200 ~ 600gf insertion force).

Applications Of Fiber Optic Coupler

Fiber communication network
Broadband access network
Optical CATV
Optical instruments
LAN

2. Fiber Termination Box

Cable termination box, also known as optical fiber termination box or fiber termination box, is a connection device between several cores cables and termination equipments, mainly used to fix the cable termination, store and protect the remaining fiber optics, the splicing of fiber optic cable and fiber pigtail.

3. Fusion Splicer

Fusion splicer, the connection of two optical fiber cables, should joint the fiber inside the cable, because the fiber is just like glass, must re-fused special joint on the two ends, then the ends melt together, so that the light signal can be passed.

Light transmitting in fiber causes a loss, this loss is mainly composed of transmission loss of optical fiber itself and the splicing loss at optical fiber joints. Upon the order of optical cable, its own fiber optic transmission loss is also basically identified. The fiber joints splicing loss is determined by fiber optic itself and on-site construction. Efforts to reduce the optical fiber joints splice loss, can increase the transmission distance of optical fiber amplifier and improve the attenuation margin of fiber link.

4. Fiber Media Converter

Fiber Media Converters, is an Ethernet transmission media conversion unit to interchange the twisted-pair electrical signal of short distance and light signal of long distance.

Fiber converters are generally used in actual network environment where Ethernet cable can not cover and must use fiber optic to extend the transmission distance, the access layer application and usually located in metropolitan area networks; while it also plays a huge role in helping the fiber at the last kilometer connecting to the metro network and more outer layer network.

5. Fiber Optic Multiplexer

Fiber Optic Multiplexer is a fiber communication equipment to extend data transmission, it is mainly through the signal modulation, photoelectric conversion technology, using the optical transmission characteristics to achieve the purpose of remote transmission. Optical multiplexer generally used in pairs, divided into optical transmitter and optical receiver, optical transmitter completes the electrical/light switching, and optical signal is sent for optical fiber transmission; optical receiver mainly converts the light signals from the fiber receiver back into electrical signals, completing the light/electricity conversion. Optical multiplexer is used for remote data transmission.

Optical multiplexers are divided into many types, such as telephone optical multiplexer, Video Multiplexer, Video Audio Multiplexer, Video Data Multiplexer, video Audio Data Multiplexer and so on. And commonly used is Digital Video Mux (especially widely used in security industry).

Optical multiplexer is the terminal equipment of light signal transmission. Its principle is: a photoelectric conversion transmission equipment; put at both ends of the optical cable; one transmitter and receiver, just as its name implies multiplexer. So optical transmitter and receiver are used in pairs, usually buy optical multiplexer is said to buy a few pairs, instead of several.