Devices Can Communicate Directly With A Protocol Converter

Protocols are determined by several factors such as data rate, encryption methods, file and message formats and associated service. A protocol converter is tasked with taking this protocol and changing it to another one, making devices connected across these networks to communicate directly. Protocol converters, much like a language translator, translate messages or data streams between networks, to enable both networks easily interpret the data.

Protocol converter is a highly beneficial device used by various industries in order to convert the proprietary or standard protocol of a device into suitable protocol of other tools or device in order to attain inter compatibility. Within a network, the large number of different machines and there is a possibility that different machines will run on different protocols. This can make work difficult, because most protocols are inherently incompatible with one another, thus preventing machines with different protocols from integrating. By using a protocol converter, users can bypass this difficulty by changing the protocol, which allows the different machines to work together — as long as the converter supports the protocols of each machine.

The most attractive benefit of the protocol converter is that the users can carry out the networking and serial communication without even bothering about the programming performed at the hardware level. Without the need of any additional programming for the end user, the protocol converter manages well to transmit the transparent data along the channel which connects a combination of two communication ports. Another key feature of the protocol converter is that of being a programmable driver.

Most protocol converter units are programmed to understand a handful of different protocols, and these units use an internal database to track all the protocols. This database will store all the factors associated with the known protocols, and the database also is tasked with helping this device understand what needs to be changed to alter one protocol to another. Unlike regular databases, which can be manually updated, this database typically is locked from users.

Typical types of protocol converters include E1 to Ethernet, V35 to Ethernet and E1 to V35.

The E1 protocol converter is used to convert E1 signal to 10/100Base-T Ethernet signal, and vice versa. It extends the bandwidth to 7.68Mbps. It can be used in two LAN connection, remote monitor or video broadcasting.

E1 to V35 protocol converter realizes the bi-directional data transfer from E1 port to V. 35 network. This equipment is used in communication network including WAN and LAN, realizing the transfer from E1 channel of SDH or PDH equipment to V. 35, which maybe provided by routers.

V35 to Ethernet Protocol Converter accomplish the converting between the 10/100M Ethernet port and the V. 35 port. It provides at most bandwidth N*64kbps data transmission channel for Ethernet through V. 35 Lines. It is suitable for many situations, such as increasing the range of LAN, founding a special Ethernet network, and so on.

The protocol converters have the capacity to support the Modbus ASCII, Modbus RTU, Modbus TCP and the RFC-2217, E1, Ethernet, V.35, RS232, RS422 and beyond. There are protocol converters that even allow great solution developers the ability to add the proprietary applications and protocols. Also there are converters like RS422 converter and Ethernet  S232 converter available.

Things You Should Know About WDM Filter

The optical devices most often used to selectively transmit certain wavelengths are called filter, which covers a broad range of devices, including attenuators. Filters play important roles in Wavelength Division Multiplexing(WDM) systems, although other technologies also may be used. WDM Filters can separate or combine optical signals carried on different wavelengths in a cost-effective manner.

In the world of optics, “filter” often is a broad term applied to components that filter out part of the incident light and transmit the rest. In WDM systems, the wavelengths that are not transmitted through the filter normally are reflected so they can go elsewhere in the system. Such filters are like mirror shades or one-way mirrors, which reflect most incident light, but transmit enough for you to see through them.

Common optical filters accommodate channel growth without service interruption. In addition, the filters’ low network-to-express loss allows stacking, which is essential for scaling new wavelengths. Most filters are equipped with an express port to pass through non-dropped/added WDM channels. Interconnecting express ports of two filters forms an Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (OADM) with east/west fiber connections. High filter isolation eliminates disruptive “shadow” wavelengths and allows channels that have been dropped at a node to be used elsewhere downstream.

Interference filters and other technologies can be used to separate and combine wavelengths in WDM systems. Several approaches are now competing for WDM applications, some technologies appear to have advantages for certain types of WDM systems, but the field is still evolving, and no single approach dominates. Although these technologies work in different ways, they can achieve the common goal of optical multiplexing and demultiplexing.

There are three competing filtration technologies: Thin Film Filters (TFF), Array Waveguides (AWG), and Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG). Thin film filters were adopted very early and have been widely deployed because they have the unique attributes that meet the stringent requirements of optical communication systems.

Wide band WDM filters – They are used in EDFAs as pump couplers and supervisory channel monitors. This family of filters covers a wide variety of other filters. Their applications range from CWDM (Coarse WDM), to bi-directional transceivers, to 1310/1490/1550 nm tri-band filters for fiber to the home (FTTH).

Fiber Bragg gratings work similarly by reflecting specific wavelengths. WDM applications require the use of many interference filters or fiber gratings, with each one picking off an individual wavelength or group of wavelengths.

FTTX Filter WDM module is based on thin film filter technology. FiberStore Filter-Based WDM product family covers following wavelength windows commonly used in optical fiber systems: 1310/1550nm (for WDM or DWDM optical communications), 1480/1550nm (for high-power DWDM optical amplifier/EDFA), 1510/1550nm (for DWDM multi-channel optical networks) and 980/1550nm (for high performance DWDM optical amplifier/EDFA) and 1310/1490/1550nm (for PON/FTTX/test instrument). Compared with fused fiber WDM couplers, filter-based WDM components have much wider operating bandwidth, lower insertion loss, higher power handling, high isolation, etc.

AFL Offers Fujikura 70R Ribbon Fusion Splicer to North America

AFL has launched sales of the Fujikura 70R fusion splicer in North America, which is following the 12s, 12R, and 70S models. This product is recorded to the be the fastest ribbon fusion splicer in the world until now. The new design streamlines the steps required to complete splices, resulting in greater productivity, which is based on the success of the Fujikura 60R ribbon fusion splicer.
“The 70R builds on the excellent track record set by the 60R. With the automated wind protector and tube heater, quality splicing is even faster. The tube heater clamps the splice protection sleeve from both sides, resulting in a shrink time of an impressive 40 seconds. ” Commented Greg Pickeral, product manager, fusion splicing systems for AFL.

Enhanced features of the Fujikura 70R fusion splicer include:
Automatic and fully programmable wind protector
40-second tube heater
Electrodes with enough life to support 1500 splices
High capacity Lithium-Ion battery pack (110 splices/shrinks)
On-board training and support videos
A six-direction drop-proof design with fully ruggedized rubber casing
Dust- and rain-proof exterior
A transit case with a detachable, built-in worktable
Full compatibility with the FuseConnect line of splice-on fiber-optic connectors
The 70R is one of several new splicer introductions from Fujikura this year. Later this year, Fujikura plans to unveil the 19s, a fixed V-groove single-fiber fusion splicer, and 19R four fiber ribbon fusion splicer.
Kindly note that the Fujikura ribbon fusion splicer 60R, 60S, 80S, and more fusion splicers are all available at FiberStore. Click and get a big surprise for the price!

Silicon Photonics Lead The Trend Of 100G Network

FiberStore news, when assembled eliminated pure handmade reliable optical components containing hundreds of optics, steering the occasion of silicon photonics technology, the industry will enter a new better world. On the other hand, switching network upgrade from 10G to 100G, even when eventually reach 1TB, will also face tough challenges from silicon photonics technology. Some optical function is easy to realize by silicon, but some are not. In fact, the entire optical engine must be integrated in silicon platform.

Optical engine can handle multiple high-speed electrical channels, converts it to optical signal, then together the information on these channels, through an fiber optic to transmit the information to any location ─ ─ distance from near to the next frame or as far as across the entire data center from the other end. At the receiving end, optical engine will flow received light streams separate into different channels, and then converted back to radio channel. In the data center, optical engine used for connecting the cluster switches and routers, which is a low power consumption, smallest pluggable transceiver technology; optical engine is also used in active optical cable to connect to the server and switch. In addition, the optical engine soon will also be embedded into the splint (mid-board) in order to reduce the consumption of board to board application and increase the density.

However, integrating optical functions on CMOS platform will encounter many challenges, which is original used to realize electric function design. Take a look at each key photoelectric function and the challenges of its fully integration in a CMOS platform.

Laser

Laser provides fiber optic light source for the optical engine, but to some data centers, using laser is too expensive. Kotura has developed chip function by using low-cost low-speed laser. Laser is a type of optical component which has not achieved single-chip integration, but the latest development of laser and array of flip chip bonding technology, have made it into a large number of low-cost manufacturing process. Chip functions removed the lens, isolator and beam collimator needed by traditional laser subassembly. The design of Kotura laser removed the expensive sealed package. In the automated assembly platform, just a few seconds for the array laser entire fabric and welded to silicon photonic chip, but also overcome the difficult problem of low-cost light source integrated in the chip.

The real value of fiber optic network is the ability to combine multiple wavelengths of light into one entity channel. To the 100G interconnection,the use of this called wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) parallelism, put the light combination of four wavelengths in a fiber. Of course, the four parallel fiber channel can work, but this increases the cost of network, but also a waste of bandwidth of fiber optic. WDM makes the use of same data center architecture to expend become possible, in order to support more channels in the future.

Because WDM requires both specific wavelength and multiplex wavelength laser, and therefore using silicon photonics to achieve is not easy. Nevertheless, the industry still don’t want to use the expensive specific wavelength laser, which is commonly used in telecommunications network. A better solution is to use a universal laser, through integration of optical switch reflector in the silicon chip changes universal laser into specific wavelength laser. By changing the position of the reflector, Kotura will make each gain chip becoming a unique specific wavelength laser.

Transmode iAccess Addresses Large-scale Optical Access with WDM-PON

Transmode Systems AB says unveiled its iAccess portfolio, which leverages its iWDM-PON offering to help service providers roll out Ethernet access networks for applications such as business Ethernet and mobile backhaul services.

The iAccess package combines a new compact, low-cost network interface (NID) with the company’s I-WDM – PON hardware and Enlighten multi-layer network management system to provide what Transmode asserts is a low-cost, simple to install/configure/manage, and highly scalable approach to last mile Ethernet applications. The systems use a “remote port” architecture which makes all NIDs into extensions of the Ethernet Muxponder to which they are connected.

With the remote port architecture, the NID automatically takes device and service configuration data from the network when it is connected. This removes the need for a separated IP address for each NID, saying these sometimes scare resources. Coupled with the colorless optical layer through the WDM-PON optics, iAccess creates a highly automated, simple to operate, and scalable system, according to Transmode. This is particularly true in comparison to other approaches that are either derived from more complex and expensive optical access platforms or are based on simple hardware designed for residential applications, the company adds.

The iAccess is thus ideally suited to the delivery of Ethernet-based services that need to scale to large volumes or where simplicity is key. Transmode continues. Installation procedures are quick and simple and Enlighten allows operators to create service templates to speed up deployment of multiple identical or similar services – enabling operators to minimize open costs in addition to the lower initial capex costs.

Sten Nordell, Transmode’s CTO, said, “The new iAccess solutions is a great step forward in terms of simplifying and scaling Ethernet access networks while also enabling network operators to hit the right price points for these high volume services. We have created a real plug-and-play solution where the WDM-PON enabled NID is simply connected to the access fiber, powered up and then services are automatically created. This enables operators to quickly roll out new services with the right level of carrier class functionality such as Metro Ethernet Forum Carrier Ethernet 2.0 services.”

Published by FiberStore, industry news – www.fiberstore.com